Thursday, October 9, 2014

Mutual Consent Divorce- A Complete Procedural Guide

Divorce by mutual Consent



“Marriages are made in heaven but it is better to walk out of it if it become a living hell”


The word divorce simply means bringing an end to the relationship of marriage.  Divorce is of two types , first one being the contested divorce in which one of the party is willing to take the divorce and other part is not and the second one is the “Divorce by mutual consent” in which both the parties are ready to get divorced on basis of mutual settlement.
Legal Provisions : The legal provisions relating to divorce by mutual consent in case of Hindus are covered by the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
Section 13B.  Divorce by mutual consent
 (1) Subject to the provisions of this Act:A petition for dissolution of marriage by a decree of divorce may  be  presented  to the district court by both  the  parties  to  a marriage  together,  whether such marriage was  solemnized  before  or after the commencement of the Marriage Laws (Amendment) Act, 1976, (68 of  1976.) on the ground that they have been living separately  for  a period  of  one  year or more, that they have not been  able  to  live together and that thy have mutually agreed that the marriage should be dissolved.

(2)  On the motion of both the parties:
The parties made no earlier than  six  months after the date of the presentation of the petition referred  to  in  sub-section (1) and not later than eighteen months after the  said  date,  if  the petition is not withdrawn in the  meantime,  the  court  shall, on being satisfied, after hearing the parties and after making such inquiry as it thinks fit, that a marriage has been solemnized and  that the averments in the petition are true, pass a decree of  divorce  declaring the marriage to be dissolved with effect from the  date of the decree.
Procedure for Layman
The following is the procedure for divorce by mutual consent:
  • Both Parties ie Husband and Wife have to reach to Mutual understanding and agreement regarding terms and conditions for Divorce.
  • On the basis of settlement and agreement, petition for Mutual Consent is drafted. Under Hindu Marriages, such Petition is filed under section 13 B of the Hindu Marriage Act. Under Christian Marriages, section 10 A of the Indian Divorce Act. Under secular or civil marriages, section 28 of the Special Marriage Act.
  • Divorce Petition will be drafted which will include terms of settlement agreed between parties.
  • Such Mutual Consent Divorce Petition shall be filed in the Court as court procedure.
  • Matter will come up for hearing in the Court and generally parties have to be present before the Court and their statement is recorded.
  • After recording of statements, First Motion will be passed.
  • Court gives six months time to parties to reconsider their decision. This is called cooling period generally.
  • Second Motion is set up.
  • Aforesaid steps shall be repeated. Statement of parties will be recorded again.
  • After such recording of statement, Court will grant pass order and judgement, decree for divorce is granted.

Frequently asked questions from the clients side
1)   How much time will the entire process take and how many times do I need to go to court ?
Ans) 6 Months and mostly two to three hearings .
2) Is it necessary to pay maintenance in Mutual Consent Divorce?
Ans) No it is not necessary if the wife agrees to this proposition
3) What should the settlement agreement contain ?
Ans)  Settlement agreement should contain clauses such Alimony, custody of child, distribution of articles etc
4) When can I apply for mutual consent divorce ?
Ans)  One year after from the date of marriage on the ground that parties have been living separately since this one year duration
5) When can I marry , is it soon after the second motion decree or do I have to wait?
Ans)  90 days after decree which is the appeal time. You are free to marry after 90 days
6)  Can one lawyer represent both the husband and wife?
Ans) Yes he can
7) Is getting mutual consent Divorce expensive?
Ans) No, it is very economical as compared to a contested divorce .
8) Do I need to hire a lawyer for Mutual consent divorce or can I do it on my own ?
Ans) It is upon the discretion of the court to allow you to represent yourself but take my advise please hire a lawyer.
9) I got married 6 months back, can I divorce my wife before the one year period ?
Ans) I do not endorse this but some people do get mutual consent divorce showing their marriage at a back date .
The author is a lawyer in Delhi specializing in matrimonial issues for any legal consultation she can be contacted at 9873658554